Late Cretaceous (Turonian - Coniacian) irregular echinoids of western Kazakhstan (Mangyshlak) and southern Poland (Opole)
OLSZEWSKA-NEJBERT D.
Faculty of Geology, Warsaw University, Zwirki i Wigury 93, PL-02-089 Warszawa, Poland.
don@uw.edu.pl
ABSTRACT: During the Late Cretaceous, both Mangyshlak and the Opole area were part of the North European
Province, and irregular echinoid faunas during the Turonian and Coniacian in both areas were dominated
by holasteroids and spatangoids, in particular by Plesiocorys, Echinocorys and Micraster.
Almost 1,000 specimens from both areas have been studied. Taxonomically more varied are the faunas
from Mangyshlak (15 species in 6 genera); the Opole assemblages comprise 9 species in 3 genera.
One species, Micraster (Micraster) praerogalae, a transitional form between Micraster (Micraster) cortestudinarium
(GOLDFUSS) and Micraster (Micraster) rogalae NOWAK, is described as new. Micraster (Micraster)
rogalae is markedly diachronous within the North European Province, first appearing in the late
Coniacian in Mangyshlak and reaching central and western Europe during the late Early Santonian. A
similar pattern is revealed by a large morphotype of Echinocorys ex gr. scutata LESKE.
Palaeoecological and actualistic data show the taxa studied to have been shallow infaunal
(Catopygus), shallow epifaunal [Conulus (Conulus) subrotundus], deeper infaunal [Micraster (Micraster)],
deeper semi-infaunal [Micraster (Gibbaster), Plesiocorys (Sternotaxis) plana], deeper epifaunal
[Echinocorys, Plesiocorys (Plesiocorys) placenta], and deeper infaunal (Hemiaster).
Echinoid bioevents described originally from the Salzgitter-Salder section (Lower Saxony, Germany)
can also be recognised in the Opole area, but not further afield in Mangyshlak.
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A new serpulid, Placostegus velimensis sp. nov., from the Lower Turonian of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin
JAGER M.1, KOCI T.2
1Holcim (Baden-Wurttemberg) GmbH, D-72359 Dotternhausen, Germany.
manfred.jaeger@holcim.com
228. Rijna 34, Pribram VII, 261 01, Czech Republic.
Protula@seznam.cz
ABSTRACT: A new species of serpulid tube worm, Placostegus velimensis sp. nov., is described from the Lower
Turonian of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin. It differs from other species of the genus Placostegus in its
relatively large size and quadrangular cross-section.
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Chemical diversity of groundwater in the Carboniferous-Permian aquifer in the Unislaw Slaski - Sokolowsko area (the Sudetes, Poland); a geochemical modelling approach
DOBRZYNSKI D.
Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology, Faculty of Geology, Warsaw University, Al. Zwirki i Wigury 93, PL-02-089 Warsaw, Poland.
dardob@uw.edu.pl
ABSTRACT: Groundwater in the Carboniferous-Permian sedimentary aquifer in the vicinity of Unislaw Slaski -
Sokolowsko (Intra-Sudetic Basin, the Sudetes, SW Poland) manifests spatial chemical diversity. The water
chemistry varies from fresh calcium-magnesium-bicarbonate groundwater at the recharge area to calciumsodium-
sulphate mineral water downwards the basin. Geochemical mass balance modelling confirms that
the main chemistry features of the sulphate mineral water are controlled by dedolomitization and calcium
common-ion effects. Congruent dissolution of gypsum promotes incongruent dissolution of dolomite with
calcite precipitation. Cation exchange between Ca2+ (and Mg2+) solutes and Na+ (and K+) also takes place.
The sulphate mineral water shows elevated concentrations of numerous trace elements. Iron, zinc and manganese
originate from dissolution of carbonates (dolomite and/or siderite) and/or sulphides. The hydrogeological
system studied should be considered as a series of individual flow systems. The results of preliminary
geochemical modelling corroborate the role of mixing in the formation of the spatial pattern of the aqueous
chemistry in the system. The main factor that controls groundwater chemistry is the mixing of two components:
modern (tritium-bearing) fresh water and older (pre-bomb Holocene) sulphate mineral water.
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